The numerical chromosomal configuration of a cell is referred to as its karyotype or ploidy. A cell with an irregular chromosome number is referred to as aneuploid while one with a normal karyotype, as euploid. It is predominantly (but not … Read more

The objective with In Vitro Fertilization is to consistently transfer competent embryos into a receptive uterine environment. This requires a very individualized and meticulous approach to evaluating and addressing those factors that can influence IVF outcome: All patients/couples should … Read more

Prolactin is a protein hormone (closely related to human growth hormone) that is secreted by specialized cells in the anterior part of the pituitary gland. In addition, the hormone is also produced and secreted by a broad range of … Read more

Implantation dysfunction is unfortunately often overlooked as an important cause of IVF failure. In the pursuit of optimizing outcome with IVF, the clinician has a profound responsibility to meticulously assess and address this important issue if IVF success is to … Read more

With cervical Incompetence (CI) the cervix starts to shorten (efface) and dilate too early in the pregnancy giving rise to late (2nd trimester) miscarriage or premature birth. It can occur with first pregnancies (“Primary Cervical Incompetence”) or after a prior … Read more

About a decade ago, I, along with my associate, Levent Keskintepe PhD were the first to introduce full chromosome Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) into the IVF clinical realm to try and identify euploid embryos whose cells contained the required 46 … Read more

Case Report:

**For the purposes of anonymity, I will be referring to the patient as RL throughout this blog.**

RL, a 31-year-old woman, presented with a 7 year history of inability to conceive, in spite of 2 prior fresh and … Read more